Tolerogenic Immunomodulation by PEGylated Antigenic Peptides

Identification of Natural Antigenic Peptides

Treatment of lupus patients with a tolerogenic peptide, hCDR1 (Edratide): immunomodulation of gene expression.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by dysregulation of cytokines, apoptosis, and B- and T-cell functions. The tolerogenic peptide, hCDR1 (Edratide), ameliorated the clinical manifestations of murine lupus via down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis, up-regulation of the immunosuppressive cytokine TGF-beta, and the induction of regulato...

Immunomodulation by fungal toxins.

The availability of immunotoxicity data for fungal toxins varies considerably for different toxins. The following is a comprehensive review of the most recent literature on the immunotoxicity of aflatoxins, fumonisins, gliotoxin, ochratoxins, patulin, and trichothecenes. Aflatoxin is an immunomodulating agent that acts primarily on cell-mediated immunity and phagocytic cell function. In additio...

Immunomodulation induced by synthetic peptides derived from Staphylococcus aureus protein A.

Peptides from 10 to 22 amino acids containing sequences encompassed by Staphylococcus aureus protein A were synthesized. Some of these peptides, when present in cultures of lymphomononuclear cells from healthy donors or from cancer patients (melanoma, breast carcinoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and renal cell carcinoma) promoted: (i) changes in the phenotype of the lymphomononuclear population, (ii)...

Immunomodulation of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis by intravenous injection of uveitogenic peptides.

Intravenous (IV) injection of antigenic proteins induces specific unresponsiveness, as shown by the diminished response to a challenge with these proteins in complete Freund's adjuvant. This study examined the effect of IV treatment with uveitogenic peptides on the development of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). The peptides used were derived from the sequence of bovine interphotore...